科普系列丨一篇文章了解“抑郁症”

近年来,每次“抑郁症”(Depression)话题都会引发网友的关注。7月5日晚,歌手李玟因抑郁症离世的消息更是引发了网友对抑郁症的热烈讨论。


李玟去世的消息发生得太突然,令人难以置信的是,没有人会把这样一位热情开朗、阳光活力,总是在散发快乐和温暖的女生,与“抑郁症”联系在一起。




抑郁症”英文Depression,“重度抑郁症Major Depressive Disorder(简称MDD)是一种常见的精神疾病。他们经受着常人难以想象的无助和痛苦,正在经历人生的寒冬,而他们身边的那些带有偏见和讥讽的言论,有可能就是压垮骆驼的最后一根稻草 (the last straw that breaks the camel's back

抑郁症的主要表现为情绪悲观,兴趣减退,缺乏愉悦感,饮食、睡眠差,担心自己患有各种疾病,感到全身多处不适,严重者可出现轻生的想法和行为。还有像热情洋溢的Coco却罹患多年抑郁症一样,部分抑郁症患者患有阳光型抑郁症smiling depression也称“微笑抑郁症”。


除了以上的正式医学名称,抑郁症还有一个别名:“黑狗”(black dog)。在传统的英国小说里,男主人外出散步时,往往会牵一只黑色爱犬,不论发生什么事,它都形影不离地跟在主人后面。后来,英国前首相丘吉尔有句经典的名言:“心中的抑郁就像只黑狗,一有机会就咬住我不放”。从那以后,黑狗也成了抑郁症的代名词。丘吉尔患有严重抑郁症的事实也被世人所知。




来看看世界卫生组织对抑郁症的定义:


Depressive disorder (also known as depression) is a common mental disorder. It involves a depressed mood or loss of pleasure or interest in activities for long periods of time.


抑郁症是一种常见的精神障碍。它是指长时间的情绪低落或对活动失去乐趣或兴趣。


Depression is different from regular mood changes and feelings about everyday life. It can affect all aspects of life, including relationships with family, friends and community.


抑郁症与普通的情绪变化和对日常生活的感受不同。抑郁症可以影响生活的各个方面,包括与家人、朋友和周边人的关系。


Depression can happen to anyone. People who have lived through abuse, severe losses or other stressful events are more likely to develop depression. Women are more likely to have depression than men.


抑郁症可能发生在任何人身上。经历过虐待、严重损失或其他压力的人,更有可能患上抑郁症。女性比男性更有可能患抑郁症。


An estimated 3.8% of the population experience depression, including 5% of adults (4% among men and 6% among women), and 5.7% of adults older than 60 years. Approximately 280 million people in the world have depression. Depression is about 50% more common among women than among men. Worldwide, more than 10% of pregnant women and women who have just given birth experience depression.


预计有3.8%的人口患有过抑郁症,包括5%的成年人(男性4%,女性6%),以及5.7%60岁以上成年人。世界上大约有2.8亿人患有抑郁症。抑郁症在女性中的发病率比男性高约50%在世界范围内,超过10%的孕妇和刚分娩的妇女患有过抑郁症。


Although there are effective treatments for mental disorders, more than 75% of people in low- and middle-income countries receive no treatment. Barriers to effective care include a lack of investment in mental health care, lack of trained health-care providers.


虽然存在有效的精神障碍治疗方法,但在中低收入国家,超过75%的人无法得到治疗。获得有效治疗的障碍包括缺乏对精神健康的投资,缺乏训练有素的健康师



作为自己健康的第一责任人,

我们要多了解自身的心理健康状况,

提高对抑郁症的重视程度。

生命高于一切


祝愿大家健健康康